Understanding Polycystic Ovary Syndrome
Posted Wednesday, July 2, 2025
Polycystic ovary syndrome affects up to 15% of women ages 15 to 50.
01 | Introduction
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common condition where the ovaries create abnormally high levels of hormones, called androgens, causing reproductive hormones to become imbalanced. This condition usually starts during adolescence and is a common cause of female infertility.
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02 | Causes and Symptoms
The exact cause of PCOS is still undetermined. Healthcare providers can diagnose PCOS after identifying symptoms and conducting a comprehensive examination, which may involve blood tests and ultrasounds.
Some symptoms of PCOS include:
- Irregular menstrual cycles
- Abnormal hair growth on the face, arms, chest or abdomen
- Weight gain around the abdomen
- Cysts developing around the edge of the ovaries
- Excessive acne
- High levels of the hormone androgen
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03 | Risk Factors
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Certain factors may increase a person’s chances of developing PCOS. Some risk factors associated with PCOS are:
- A family history of PCOS
- Insulin resistance
- Obesity
- Irregular levels of reproductive hormones
04 | Treatment
PCOS treatments focus on managing symptoms. Treatment will differ for those wanting to get pregnant. Treatments can include medications, lifestyle changes, or a combination of both. Some include:
- Hormonal birth control
- Insulin-sensitizing medicine
- Medication to block androgens
- Eating a nutritious diet and maintaining a healthy body weight
- Medication to induce ovulation for those trying to get pregnant
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The effects of PCOS may change over time. Healthcare providers can help people with PCOS determine which treatments may provide the most relief from symptoms.
Learn More
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For more information on polycystic ovary syndrome and supportive resources, please visit my.clevelandclinic.org.
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References
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https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8316-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-pcos#overview![]()
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pcos/symptoms-causes/syc-20353439![]()
https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/polycystic-ovary-syndrome
